State Licensing Boards that have websites.
License and/or Disciplinary Information.

Alabama http://www.albme.org/

Arizona http://www.docboard.org/az/df/azsearch.htm

California http://www.docboard.org/ca/df/casearch.htm

Colorado http://www.dora.state.co.us/medical

Florida http://www.doh.state.fl.us/irm00PRAES/praslist.asp

Georgia http://www.sos.state.ga.us/ebd-medical/medsearch.htm

Indiana http://www.state.in.us/hpb/

Iowa http://www.docboard.org/ia/find_ia.htm

Kansas http://www.ink.org/public/boha

Maine http://www.docboard.org/me/df/mesearch.htm

Maryland http://www.docboard.org/md/df/mdsearch.htm

Massachusetts http://www.docboard.org/ma/df/masearch.htm

Minnesota http://www.docboard.org/mn/df/mndf.htm

Missouri http://www.ecodev.state.mo.us/pr/healarts/listings.html

Nebraska http://www.hhs.state.ne.us/crl/crlindex.htm

New York http://www.nysed.gov/dpls/opnme.html

New York Disciplinary http://www.health.state.ny.us/nysdoh/opmc/main.htm

North Carolina http://www.docboard.org/nc/df/ncsearch.htm

Ohio http://www.state.oh.us/med/

Oklahoma http://www.osbmls.state.ok.us/

Rhode Island http://www.docboard.org/ri/df/search.htm

Rhode Island Disciplinary http://www.docboard.org/ri/discipact.htm

Tennesee http://170.142.76.180/cgi-bin/licensure.pl?T=1&sg=80

Texas http://www.tsbme.state.tx.us/verif/interon.htm

Vermont http://www.docboard.org/vt/df/vtsearch.htm

Virginia http://www.dhp.state.va.us/

Wisconsin http://www.drl.state.wi.us

State Medical Boards (mailing addresses, phone numbers, and web addresses) http://www.fsmb.org/members.htm

The Federation of State Medical Boards http://www.fsmb.org/consumer.htm
This particuliar link offers some explanation as to what the Federation does and the responsibility of states when they extend licensure to a physician.